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Educational guide | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IDENTIFYING DATA | 2024_25 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subject | Tunnels and underground works | Code | 00808029 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Study programme |
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Descriptors | Credit. | Type | Year | Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
4.5 | Compulsory | Third | Second |
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Language |
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Prerequisites | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Department | TECN.MINERA,TOPOGRAF. Y ESTRUC |
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Coordinador |
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ngomm@unileon.es csief@unileon.es |
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Lecturers |
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Web | http://https://www.unileon.es/estudiantes/oferta-academica/grados/grado-en-ingenieria-minera/plan-estudios?id=0808029&cursoa=2022 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General description | This subject describes a technical and practical review of the construction of tunnels and underground works. It includes the definition of the tunnel project, the studies needed before the construction of a tunnel and the ground classification according to its excavability. It includes the theoretical and practical definition of the tunnel excavation systems through the following methodologies: a) drilling and blasting, b) mechanical methods and c) and through integral machines such as tunnel boring machine (moles) and tunneling shields. It includes the definition of the different procedures in the tunnels construction and the evaluation of the supports needed for them. Finally, the description of ventilation needed during the execution of the tunnels and during the operation described through practical and theoretical knowledge. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tribunales de Revisión |
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Competencias |
Code | |
A16735 | |
A16738 | |
A16739 | |
A16741 | |
A16742 | |
A16743 | |
A16744 | |
A16748 | |
A16759 | |
A16761 | |
A16763 | |
A16764 | |
A16765 | |
A16766 | |
A16767 | |
A16768 | |
A16769 | |
A16770 | |
A16771 | |
A16773 | |
A16774 | |
B5150 | |
B5152 | |
B5153 | |
B5155 | |
B5156 | |
B5157 | |
B5158 | |
B5159 | |
B5167 | |
B5168 | |
B5169 | |
B5170 | |
B5171 | |
B5172 | |
B5180 | |
B5181 | |
B5184 | |
C2 | CMECES2 That students know how to apply their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional manner and possess the skills that are usually demonstrated through the development and defense of arguments and the resolution of problems within their area of study. |
C3 | CMECES3 That students have the ability to gather and interpret relevant data (normally within their area of study) to make judgments that include reflection on relevant issues of a social, scientific or ethical nature. |
C4 | CMECES4 That students can transmit information, ideas, problems and solutions to both a specialised and non-specialised audience |
C5 | CMECES5 That students have developed those learning skills necessary to undertake further studies with a high degree of autonomy |
Learning aims |
Competences | |||
A16735 A16738 A16761 A16765 A16767 A16769 |
B5152 B5153 B5156 B5169 B5170 |
C4 |
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A16735 A16739 A16741 A16742 A16748 A16763 A16764 A16765 A16766 A16767 A16768 A16769 A16770 A16771 A16773 A16774 |
B5150 B5152 B5155 B5157 B5158 B5159 B5167 B5168 B5169 B5170 B5171 B5172 B5180 B5181 B5184 |
C2 C4 C5 |
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A16742 A16743 A16744 A16759 A16773 A16774 |
B5152 B5168 B5170 |
C3 |
Contents |
Topic | Sub-topic |
BLOCK 1 | Topic 1.1. Introduction. Tunnelling projects. Topic 1.2. The need for the construction of a tunnel Topic 1.3. Principal elements for consideration: ground plan, typical section, rock mass, excavation system, propping components. Topic 1.4. Work prior to excavation: prospecting and trial boreholes, laboratory tests. Topic 1.5. Geo-mechanical characterization of the rock mass: essential parameters. The commonest classification systems; Barton’s “Q”, Bieniawski’s “RMR” and other rating systems. Propping and support techniques associated with these classifications. |
BLOCK 2 | Topic 2.1. Excavation by drilling and explosion: machinery used. Electro-hydraulic jumbo drill rigs. Drilling components. Explosives and accessories. Explosions in tunnels and galleries. Explosions in other excavations. Topic 2.2. Mechanical excavation. Cutting machines: types, cutting elements, picks. Criteria for selecting machines. Topic 2.3. Integrated machinery. Tunnelling machines: open boring machine (mole), shield, double (cutter-gripper) shield. Criteria for choosing tunnelling machines. Topic 2.4. Other machines for excavating and clearing tunnels. Topic 2.5. Other underground works: shafts, underground hydro-electric stations, large artificial caverns, micro-tunnels (utility shafts). Practical 2.1. Visit to a tunnel under construction. Practical 2.2. Solving a problem of choice of an excavation system on the basis of various parameters: rock characteristics, length of the excavation, technical and financial variables, and other considerations. Practical 2.3. Solving a problem of the arrangements for an explosion in a tunnel. |
BLOCK 3 | Topic 3.1. Design of supports or propping. Common methods and processes. Topic 3.2. Bolts: the concept of bolt cladding. Varieties of bolts. Choice of the most suitable type. Parameters for bolts and cladding: length, density, orientation. Topic 3.3. Sprayed concrete (shotcrete). The concept of sprayed concrete. Dry mix and wet mix. Materials composing sprayed concrete. Machinery for application. Topic 3.4. Metal supports: rigid and sliding ribs. Topic 3.5. Land treatments. Topic 3.6. Lining and waterproofing: the need for lining or cladding. Concrete linings. Shaped stone cladding. Waterproofing. Practical Programme Practical 3.1. Solving a problem of designing supports for a tunnel on the basis of the geo-mechanical classifications explained in Block 1. Practical 3.2. Visit to a tunnel or other underground excavation requiring substantial propping or supports. |
BLOCK 4 | Topic 4.1. Installations needed in the construction of a tunnel: Electrical, drainage installations. Other installations. Topic 4.2. Quality control and instrumentation: quality control of propping components. Instrumentation; aims, choice of instruments. Checking on surface and interior movements. Topic 4.3. Safety in the construction of tunnels: personal and collective protection equipment. Safety measures during excavation. Safety measures for propping. Safety measures for the transport and placing of explosives. Topic 4.4. Main environmental features of construction: visual impact, noise and air quality, side-effects on nearby watercourses, disposal of harmful wastes. Practical Programme Practical 4.1. Solving problems to calculate requirements for ventilating a tunnel and the fans needed. |
BLOCK 5 | 5.1 Installation of ventilation. Fundamentals 5.2 Ventilation elements. 5.3 Ventilation in progress. 5.4 Ventilation in use. Practical program: Running Ventilation Problems Fan Selection Issues Ventilation problems in use |
BLOCK 6 | · Visit to a tunnel dug by a mole or double shield. · Visit to a tunnel dug by an earth pressure balance (EPB) tunnel boring machine. · Visit to a tunnel dug by drilling and explosions. · Familiarization with equipment for checking (auscultation) and atmosphere control in underground works. *It depends on availability |
Planning |
Methodologies :: Tests | |||||||||
Class hours | Hours outside the classroom | Total hours | |||||||
Problem solving, classroom exercises | 9 | 9 | 18 | ||||||
Seminars | 3 | 3 | 6 | ||||||
Assignments | 0 | 9.5 | 9.5 | ||||||
Lecture | 33 | 43 | 76 | ||||||
Extended-answer tests | 0 | 3 | 3 | ||||||
(*)The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students. |
Methodologies |
Description | |
Problem solving, classroom exercises | Problem solving/exercises: The teacher proposes exercises from the topics seen in class to be solved. |
Seminars | Seminars: seminars on specific topics of the subject will be included. Visits to installations will also be made. |
Assignments | Assignments: work from the seminars will be presented. |
Lecture | Lecture: the professor will teach the contents of the subject. |
Personalized attention |
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Assessment |
Description | Qualification | ||
Lecture | The presentation and active participation in the activities proposed by the teacher will be valued. | 10 % | |
Assignments | An evaluation will be made of the work handed in related to the subjects taught in the course. | 10% | |
Extended-answer tests | Two written mid-term exams, which will count for 80% of the final grade. | 80 % | |
Other comments and second call | |||
The proposed evaluation system is as follows: The three parts indicated above must be passed independently, reaching in each of them 50% of the maximum grade in order to pass the course. Second sitting In order to pass the subject in the second exam, a theoretical and practical exam will be carried out, which will include the material seen during the course, including the practicals and the work proposed by the teacher. The grading system will be in accordance with R.D. 1125/2003. |
Sources of information |
Access to Recommended Bibliography in the Catalog ULE |
Basic |
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Complementary |
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Recommendations |
Subjects that it is recommended to have taken before | ||||
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