Educational guide

IDENTIFYING DATA

2023_24

Subject

CYTOLOGY AND HISTOLOGY

Code

00106005

Study programme

0106 GRADO EN VETERINARIA

Descriptors

Credit.

Type

Year

Period

Basic Training

First

Second

Language

Castellano

Prerequisites

Department

SANIDAD ANIMAL

Coordinador

GARCÍA IGLESIAS , MARÍA JOSÉ

E-mail

mjgari@unileon.es
mcfere@unileon.es
cperm@unileon.es
abalm@unileon.es
pbars@unileon.es
jespic@unileon.es

Lecturers

FERRERAS ESTRADA , MARÍA DEL CARMEN

GARCÍA IGLESIAS , MARÍA JOSÉ

PÉREZ MARTÍNEZ , CLAUDIA

BALSEIRO MORALES , ANA MARIA

BARROSO SEANO , PATRICIA

ESPINOSA CERRATO , JOSE

Web

http://agora.unileon.es

General description

Cytology and Histology is a subject which is imparted in the first course of the degree in Veterinary Science. It is one of the components of the block named Structure and Function which also includes Anatomy and Physiology. This subject includes the microscopic study of normal structure of cells as fundamental units of living beings (Cytology), tissues of animals (Histology) and organs (Microscopic Anatomy).

Tribunales de Revisión

Tribunal titular
Cargo	Departamento	Profesor
Presidente	SANIDAD ANIMAL	CARVAJAL URUEÑA , ANA MARIA
Secretario	SANIDAD ANIMAL	FREGENEDA GRANDES , JUAN MIGUEL
Vocal	SANIDAD ANIMAL	HIDALGO ARGUELLO , ROSARIO

Tribunal suplente
Cargo	Departamento	Profesor
Presidente	SANIDAD ANIMAL	GUTIERREZ MARTIN , CESAR BERNARDO
Secretario	SANIDAD ANIMAL	DIEZ BAÑOS , MARIA NATIVIDAD
Vocal	SANIDAD ANIMAL	RUBIO NISTAL , PEDRO MIGUEL

Competencias

Code
A19663	106S4 Structure of the eukaryotic cell and its organization in tissues and organs.
B6472	106G2 Work as a team, single or multidisciplinary, and show respect, appreciation and sensitivity to the work of others.
B6476	106G6 Search and manage information related to the veterinarians activity.
B6479	106G9 Demonstrate interest in knowing how to use basic computer tools.
B6480	106G10 Have basic knowledge of a second language, especially in technical aspects related to Veterinary Sciences.
C1	CMECES1 That students have demonstrated possession and understanding of knowledge in an area of study that is based on general secondary education, and is usually found at a level that, although supported by advanced textbooks, also includes some aspects that involve knowledge from the cutting edge of their field of study
C4	CMECES4 That students can transmit information, ideas, problems and solutions to both a specialised and non-specialised audience

Learning aims

	Competences
To recognize, describe and interpret the different structures that are part of cells, both microscopically and ultrastructurally.	A19663		C1 C4
To relate the morphology of the different cell organelles to their function in the interphase cell or during division.	A19663	B6472 B6479 B6480	C1 C4
To recognize, describe and interpret the main characteristics of the tissues that form part of the body of animals.	A19663	B6476	C1 C4
To relate the microscopic and ultrastructural characteristics of the fundamental tissues with the function they perform.	A19663	B6472 B6476 B6479 B6480	C1 C4
To recognize, describe and interpret the microscopic organization of the organs that form the different devices and systems of the animal body.	A19663		C1 C4
To relate the structure and organization of the different organs with their function, especially those that are altered during the disease.	A19663	B6472 B6476 B6479 B6480	C1 C4

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
I. INTRODUCTION (in classroom)	Topic 1.- Presentation of the subject. Concept of Cytology and Histology. Historical evolution. Cell concept. General structural plan of the cell.
Laboratory practices Duration of the practice: 1 hour per session Location: Histology laboratories No. of lecturers per practice: 1	Topic 2.- Methods for histological study.
II. CYTOLOGY (in classroom)	Topic 3.- Cell membrane. Cytoplasm. Topic 4.- Ribosomes. vacuolar system. Topic 5.- Mitochondria. Inclusions. Topic 6.- Cytoskeleton. Topic 7.- Endocytosis. Cellular digestion: lysosomes. Peroxisomes. Topic 8.- Exocytosis. Movement phenomena. Topic 9.- Nucleus. Cellular cycle.
III. HISTOLOGY Laboratory practices Duration: 2 hours per session Location: Histology microscope laboratory No. of lecturers per group: 1	Topic 10.- Animal tissues: concept. Classification of tissues and criteria for their classification. EPITHELIAL TISSUE I. Lining epithelia. Topic 11.- EPITHELIAL TISSUE II. glandular epithelia. Topic 12.- CONNECTIVE TISSUE. Cells and extracellular matrix. Varieties of connective tissue. Adipose tissue. Topic 13.- CARTILAGINOUS TISSUE. Structural components. Varieties. Topic 14.- BONE TISSUE. Structural components. Varieties of bone tissue Osteogenesis. Topic 15.- BLOOD. Blood cells. Hematopoiesis. Topic 16.- MUSCLE TISSUE. Structural components. Varieties: smooth muscle tissue and striated muscle tissue (skeletal and cardiac). Topic 17.- NERVOUS TISSUE. Neurons and supporting cells: classification and structure.
IV. MICROSCOPIC ANATOMY Laboratory practices Duration: 2 hours per session Location: Histology microscope laboratory No. of lecturers per group: 1	Topic 18.- NERVOUS SYSTEM. Meninges. Brain. Spinal cord. Peripheral nerves. Nerve ganglia. Topic 19.- SENSE ORGANS. Eye. Ear. Topic 20.- CARDIOVASCULAR SYSTEM. Heart and arteries. Veins, capillaries and lymphatic vessels. Topic 21.- ENDOCRINE ORGANS. Thyroid. Parathyroid. Hypophysis. Adrenal glands. Pineal gland. Topic 22.- RESPIRATORY SYSTEM. Upper respiratory tract. Lung, pleura and air sacs. Topic 23.- LYMPHOID AND HEMATOPOIETIC ORGANS. Lymph nodes. Lymphoid tissue associated with mucosa: tonsils and intestinal lymphoid tissue. Hemolymphatic nodules. Spleen. Bone marrow. Lymphoepithelial organs: thymus and cloacal pouch. Topic 24.- MALE GENITAL SYSTEM. Testicle. Excretory ducts. Accessory genital glands. Male urethra. Topic 25.- FEMALE GENITAL SYSTEM. Ovary. Oviduct. Uterus. Vagina and vestibule. Female urethra. Placenta. Topic 26.- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM I. Oral cavity. Salivary glands. Esophagus. Forestomachs of ruminants. Topic 27.- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM II. Stomach. Small and large intestine. Topic 28.- DIGESTIVE SYSTEM III. Liver. Bile ducts. Pancreas (exocrine, endocrine). Topic 29.- URINARY SYSTEM. Kidney. Urinary tract. Urinary bladder. Topic 30.- SKIN AND SKIN APPENDAGES. Layers of skin. Hair follicles and skin glands.
V. COMPLEMENTARY PRACTICES Laboratory practices Duration: 2 hours per session Location: Histology microscope laboratory No. of lecturers per group: 1	Material I.- Structural and ultrastructural identification of cells and tissues. Material II.- Structural identification of organs.

Planning

Methodologies :: Tests
	Class hours	Hours outside the classroom	Total hours
Laboratory practicals	45	62	107

Assignments	0	7	7
Tutorship of group	3	0	3

Lecture	8	9	17

Objective short-answer tests	3.5	7	10.5
Practical tests	2.5	2	4.5
	0.1	0.9	1

(*)The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students.

Methodologies

Methodologies ::

	Description
Laboratory practicals	The first practice consists of the explanation and demonstration in the laboratory of the methods and techniques that are most frequently used for histological study. Students are also guided on the use of the optical microscope. This practical class will be carried out in small groups in the histology laboratory. One hour per module. The script, diagrams and corresponding images will be provided to the student in advance. The rest of the practices (subject on tissues and organs) will be taught in sessions of 2 hours each in the microscopy laboratory. They will be carried out in groups of students. Each practice will consist of an explanation of the content by the lecturer, supported by a projection of diagrams and images using a cannon. Subsequently, each student will observe the corresponding tissues or organs with an optical microscope, consulting the lecturer with any questions that arise in this regard. Students have virtual microscopy available to support their learning.
Assignments	Tutored work will be carried out in small groups (3 and 5 students) on topics related to the contents of the subjects of Cytology and Histology, Anatomy II and Physiology II, which form the Structure and Function Subject, the objective being to integrate them. Each group work will be directed by 3 lecturers (one from each subject). The students will also make a poster with a summary of the information of the work that will be presented at the public meeting. This activity will take place throughout the semester.
Tutorship of group	In them, the lecturer will participate in the preparation and monitoring of each of the supervised works; questions will be resolved, and improvements will be suggested to continue with the work. In addition, the lecturer will assess the learning capacity and evaluate the contribution of each student, which will be taken into account in the student´s final grade.
Lecture	Presentation of the contents of the subject to the student. Schemes and images related to each topic will be projected. Students will be provided with the corresponding scripts and outlines in advance.

Personalized attention

Lecture

Laboratory practicals

Assignments

Tutorship of group

Description

In the group tutorials, the lecturer will participate in the preparation and monitoring of the tutored work, doubts will be resolved, and improvements will be suggested to continue with the work. In addition, the lecturer will assess the learning capacity and evaluate the contribution of each student, which will be taken into account in the student´s final grade. To carry out these tutorials, students in each group must request an appointment via e-mail.
In addition, the student can count on the lecturer's help in individual tutorials to resolve any questions or problems related to the subject.

Assessment

	Description	Qualification
Lecture	It will be evaluated with "Objective short answer tests".	See "Objective short answer tests"
Laboratory practicals	It will be evaluated with "Practical tests" and "Short answer objective tests."	See "Objective short answer tests" and "Practical tests"
Assignments	Evaluation of group work is carried out by the 3 tutors responsible for each topic. The following are valued: - Follow-up sessions. - Manuscript of the written work. Evaluation of the poster summary of the work is carried out by the students through the Moodle Workshop activity that allows the compilation, review and peer evaluation of the students' posters. The poster exhibition that is carried out in a group of students at the Structure and Function Conferences is valued by the lecturers.	See the section "Performance and exhibition of works"
Tutorship of group	The lecturer values the learning capacity and evaluates the contribution of each student in the development of the supervised work, which is taken into account for the student´s final grade.	See the section "Performance and exhibition of works"
Objective short-answer tests	Written exams with short answer questions in which knowledge and understanding of the subject taught in the master sessions in the classroom and the theoretical-practical sessions in the laboratory are evaluated.	It represents 27% of the overall evaluation of the subject
Practical tests	They are evaluated with 2 types of "Practical tests": a) Identification of cells, tissues and organs in projected static images. b) Identification and description of organs through the observation of 6 histological preparations with the optical microscope.	It represents 55% of the overall evaluation of the subject
	Elaboration and exhibition of works. Work evaluation criteria: - Structure, quality, originality. - Bibliographic sources used. - Correct use of specific terminology. - Clarity and correctness in the writing. The evaluation of the poster is carried out: - in pairs through a Moodle workshop with a rubric. - and a Structure and Function meeting with an exhibition of the posters.	It represents 10% of the overall evaluation of the subject
Others	Continuous evaluation: - Resolution of online questionnaires. - Follow-up in practical classes.	It represents 8% of the overall evaluation of the subject

Other comments and second call
EVALUATION CRITERIA -Scoring in the exams on the subject corresponding to cytology, histology (tissues) and histological technique: -Theoretical: 7 (minimum) and 12 (maximum). -Identification of structures in projected static images: 8 minimum) and 15 (maximum) -Scoring in the exams on the subject corresponding to Microscopic Anatomy (organs): -Theoretical: 8 (minimum) and 15 (maximum). - Identification of structures in projected static images: 13 (minimum) and 25 (maximum). -Practical exam using optical microscope: 8 (minimum) and 15 (maximum). -Tutored group work (Subject Structure and Function): 5 (minimum) and 10 (maximum). -Resolution of online questionnaires: 1 (minimum) and 4 (maximum). -Follow-up in practical classes: 1 (minimum) and 4 (maximum). *Observations: ·To pass the subject, students must obtain the minimum scores in each and every one of the exams and activities mentioned in the evaluation criteria mentioned above. ·For the student who passes any of the tests and activities, the grade will be kept only during the corresponding academic year (ordinary and extraordinary calls). An exception is the grade obtained in the Structure and Function activities which will be retained for subsequent academic years if the student has reached the minimum value (5 points). TUTORED WORK corresponding to Subject Structure and Function. Computer tools are applied to detect plagiarism, and a penalty may occur proportional to its intensity. This could result in not reaching the minimum score of 5 points. During the performance of the examinations for the evaluation of the student,* it is forbiddenthe possession, handling or use of any type of material or resource, whether electronic or not (calculators, tablets, mobile phones, computers, watches, etc.) that make copying, plagiarism or fraud. If any irregularity occurs, the student will fail the test.

Sources of information

Access to Recommended Bibliography in the Catalog ULE

Basic	Paniagua R, Nistal M, Sesma P, Álvarez-Uria M, Fraile B, Anadón R, Sáez FJ, Citología e histología vegetal y animal, Madrid: Mc-Graw-Hill. Interamaericana, 2002 Bacha WJ, Bacha LM, Color atlas of veterinary histology, Chichester: Wiley-Blackwell, 2012 Aughey E, Frye FL, Comparative veterinary histology with clinical correlates, London: Manson Publishing, 2011 Eurel JA, Frappier BL, Dellmann´s Textbook of Veterinary Histology, Ames: Blackwell Publishing, 2006

Complementary	Junqueira LC, Carneiro J, Histología básica, Barcelona: Masson, 2000 Banks WJ, Applied veterinary histology, St Louis: Mosby Year Book, 1993 Cross PC, Mercer KL, Cell and tissue ultrastructure. A functional perspective, New York: WH Freeman and Company, 1993 Ross MH, Kaye GI, Pawlina W, Histología. Texto y atlas color con biología celular y molecular, Madrid: Panamericana, 2005 Gazquez Ortiz A, Blanco Rodríguez A, Tratado de histología veterinaria, Barcelona: Masson, 2004

Recommendations

Subjects that it is recommended to have taken before

CHEMISTRY AND PHYSICS_BASICS / 00106001

ANATOMY I / 00106002

PHYSIOLOGY I / 00106003

BIOCHEMISTRY / 00106004


Other comments
Attendance at classes with active student participation is recommended due to the great practical nature of this subject (with projection of images of cells, tissues and organs as well as the observation of histological preparations with the optical microscope). The activities associated with practical teaching are related to the acquisition of skills, which have a high relative value in the student's evaluation. An intermediate level of written English knowledge and basic skills in information and communication technologies are also recommended.