Educational guide

IDENTIFYING DATA

2023_24

Subject

MEDICAL PATHOLOGY II

Code

00106034

Study programme

0106 GRADO EN VETERINARIA

Descriptors

Credit.

Type

Year

Period

Compulsory

Fourth

Second

Language

Castellano

Prerequisites

Department

MEDICINA,CIRUGIA Y ANAT.VETERI

Coordinador

GONZÁLEZ MONTAÑA , JOSÉ RAMIRO

E-mail

jrgonm@unileon.es
ajalod@unileon.es
ccperg@unileon.es
mariog@unileon.es
rtora@unileon.es

Lecturers

ALONSO DÍEZ , ÁNGEL JAVIER

GONZÁLEZ MONTAÑA , JOSÉ RAMIRO

PÉREZ GARCÍA , CARLOS CÉSAR

RÍOS GRANJA , MARÍA ANGELES

TORÍO ÁLVAREZ , RAMIRO

Web

http://

General description

Tribunales de Revisión

Tribunal titular
Cargo	Departamento	Profesor
Presidente	MEDICINA,CIRUGIA Y ANAT.VETERI	GONZALO ORDEN , JOSE MANUEL
Secretario	MEDICINA,CIRUGIA Y ANAT.VETERI	REJAS LOPEZ , JUAN
Vocal	MEDICINA,CIRUGIA Y ANAT.VETERI	GARCIA RODRIGUEZ , MARIA BELEN

Tribunal suplente
Cargo	Departamento	Profesor
Presidente	MEDICINA,CIRUGIA Y ANAT.VETERI	CANO RABANO , MARIA JOSE
Secretario	MEDICINA,CIRUGIA Y ANAT.VETERI	ALVAREZ GARCIA , MARIA MERCEDES
Vocal	PRODUCCION ANIMAL	SANCHEZ SANCHEZ , JOSE MARIA

Competencias

Code
A19611	106P1 Perform the history and clinical examination of the animals.
A19612	106P10 Assess and interpret the productive and health parameters of an animal group, considering the economic and welfare aspects.
A19614	106P12 Respect and enforce animal welfare in all professional activities related to animal management.
A19615	106P13 Minimise the risks of contamination and cross-infection in animal facilities and in the field.
A19622	106P2 Collect and send all types of samples with their corresponding report.
A19623	106P3 Use basic analytical techniques and interpret their clinical, biological and chemical results.
A19624	106P4 Diagnose the most common diseases, through the use of different general and instrumental techniques, including necropsy, respecting current safety measures.
A19625	106P5 Identify, control and eradicate animal diseases, with special attention to notifiable diseases and zoonoses, following, in this case, the corresponding procedures in accordance with current regulations.
A19627	106P7 Carry out medical treatments
A19645	106S23 Clinical examination methods and procedures, complementary diagnostic techniques and their interpretation.
A19646	106S24 Diagnostic imaging and radiobiology.
A19647	106S25 Necropsy.
A19648	106S26 Recognition and diagnosis of different types of lesions and their association with pathological processes.
A19650	106S28 Clinical study of the sick individual and the medical, surgical or hygienic treatments
A19651	106S29 Diagnosis.
A19661	106S38 Transmission and maintenance of diseases and methods of studying diseases in populations.
A19665	106S41 Promotion of health in animal groups, including wild animals, in order to obtain maximum economic performance in a socially, ethically and health-acceptable way.
A19666	106S42 Technical measures and regulations for the prevention, control and eradication of animal diseases.
B6471	106G1 Analyse, synthesise, solve problems and make decisions in the professional fields of the veterinarian.
B6472	106G2 Work as a team, single or multidisciplinary, and show respect, appreciation and sensitivity to the work of others.
B6473	106G3 Maintain ethical behavior in the exercise of their responsibilities towards the profession and society.
B6474	106G4 Communicate the information obtained during the veterinarians professional practice fluently, orally and in writing, with other colleagues, authorities and society in general.
B6475	106G5 Write and present professional reports correctly, always maintaining the necessary confidentiality.
B6476	106G6 Search and manage information related to the veterinarians activity.
B6477	106G7 Apply the scientific method to professional practice including evidence-based medicine.
B6478	106G8 Know how to get professional advice and help.
B6479	106G9 Demonstrate interest in knowing how to use basic computer tools.
B6480	106G10 Have basic knowledge of a second language, especially in technical aspects related to Veterinary Sciences.
B6481	106G11 Keep the knowledge, skills and attitudes of professional competencies updated through a continuing education process.
C1	CMECES1 That students have demonstrated possession and understanding of knowledge in an area of study that is based on general secondary education, and is usually found at a level that, although supported by advanced textbooks, also includes some aspects that involve knowledge from the cutting edge of their field of study
C2	CMECES2 That students know how to apply their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional manner and possess the skills that are usually demonstrated through the development and defense of arguments and the resolution of problems within their area of study.
C3	CMECES3 That students have the ability to gather and interpret relevant data (normally within their area of study) to make judgments that include reflection on relevant issues of a social, scientific or ethical nature.
C4	CMECES4 That students can transmit information, ideas, problems and solutions to both a specialised and non-specialised audience
C5	CMECES5 That students have developed those learning skills necessary to undertake further studies with a high degree of autonomy

Learning aims

	Competences
Recognize the main clinical problems and be able to list them and correlate them with the diseases that cause them.	A19611 A19612 A19614 A19615 A19622 A19623 A19624 A19645 A19646 A19648 A19650 A19651 A19661	B6471 B6472 B6473 B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6478 B6479 B6480 B6481	C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Correctly prepare the clinical history of any case, using the correct scientific terminology.	A19611 A19622 A19623 A19624 A19645	B6471 B6472 B6474 B6475 B6477	C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Reasonably choose the exploratory tests necessary to complete the diagnostic plan derived from the data obtained.	A19611 A19622 A19623 A19624 A19645 A19646 A19647 A19648 A19650 A19651		C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Issue a diagnosis and prognosis based on the information handled.	A19611 A19622 A19623 A19624 A19625 A19645 A19646 A19647 A19648 A19651	B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6480	C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
List and justify the main differential diagnoses that are deduced from the identified clinical problems.	A19624 A19625 A19645 A19646 A19648 A19651	B6474 B6475 B6477 B6480 B6481	C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Propose therapeutic measures, both management and medication, aimed at solving the disease.	A19611 A19614 A19615 A19622 A19623 A19624 A19627 A19645 A19646	B6471 B6472 B6473 B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6478 B6479 B6480 B6481	C1 C2 C3 C4 C5
Point out and justify the measures aimed at preventing the different diseases present in animals and on farms.	A19614 A19615 A19645 A19661 A19665 A19666	B6471 B6472 B6473 B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6478 B6480 B6481	C1 C2 C3 C4 C5

Contents

Topic	Sub-topic
I. MEDICAL DISEASES OF THE RESPIRATORY SYSTEM	Topic 1.- Conditions of the nasal cavity and guttural bags. Conditions of the larynx. Conditions of the trachea and bronchi. Lung conditions. Pleura and mediastinum conditions. 2 hour sessions.
II. MEDICAL DISEASES OF THE LOCOMOTOR SYSTEM	Topic 2.- Medical conditions of the bones. Medical conditions of the muscles: myoglobinurias, myositis and myasthenias. Conditions of the joints of the foot, hoof and hoof. Metabolic alterations of the bones. 2 hour sessions.
III. MEDICAL DISEASES OF THE DIGESTIVE SYSTEM OF RUMINANTS AND EQUIDES	opic 3.- Digestive system of ruminants. Dairy indigestion. Diseases of the anterior gastric sector. Acidosis and alkalosis. Solid overloads. Gas overloads. Diseases of the posterior gastric sector. Conditions that compromise the content, wall, motility and transit. Curdling dystopias. Digestive system of horses. Stomach conditions. Inflammatory and obstructive enteropathies: enteritis and gastroenteritis. Dysbiosis. Colitis. The colic syndrome. 2 hour sessions.
IV. MEDICAL DISEASES OF THE GENITAL SYSTEM AND BREAST	Topic 4. Medical diseases of the genital tract of females. Medical diseases of the genital tract of males. Diseases of the mammary gland. 2 hour sessions.
V. PATHOLOGY OF NUTRITION AND METABOLISM IN COMPANY ANIMALS AND INCOME ANIMALS	Topic 5. Nutrition pathology. Metabolic diseases. Metabolic profiles. Hydroelectrolyte and acid-base alterations. Metabolic-energy disorders. Obesity. Slimming. Ketosis. Pregnancy toxemia. Hypoglycemia. Hyperlipidemia. Metabolic-mineral disorders. Hypocalcemia. Hypomagnesemia. Puerperal hemoglobinuria. Trace element deficiencies. Mineral toxicity. Hyper and hypovitaminosis. 2 hour sessions.
VI. MEDICAL AND NUTRITIONAL PATHOLOGY IN OTHER FARM AND COLLECTIVE ANIMALS (BIRD, RABBITS AND PIGS)	Topic 6.- Poultry farming and laying. Other communities (cuniculture, pig farming, etc.). 2 hour sessions.
VII. PROCESSES THAT AFFECT NEW PET ANIMALS (REPTILES, RODENTS, PET BIRDS, etc.)	Topic 7.- Medical diseases of new companion animals. 2 hour sessions.
Practice A (b1). Discussion groups or problem-based learning.	Practice A. Discussion groups or problem-based learning. Clinical cases will be presented and discussed on different aspects related to the subject matter. Duration of practices: 1 session of 1 hour + 5 sessions of 2 hours each. Approximate schedule of the practice: distributed on a fortnightly basis (the first as soon as possible). Days of the week and most convenient times: preferably in the afternoon, if possible starting at 4 p.m. Number of practice groups: 12 (6 modules per session, 2 times). Place of delivery: seminar or classroom. Number of teachers per group: 1.
Practice B (b3). Clinical practices.	Practice B (b3). Clinical practices. Each student will receive 2-hour sessions attending one or more clinical cases related to the subject matter, and must carry out a subsequent discussion of the cases. Duration of the practices: 8 sessions (7 of 2 hours + 1 (the last) of 1 hour. Approximate schedule of the practice: throughout the entire semester, depending on the patients who come to the Veterinary Hospital. Days of the week and most convenient times: distributed throughout the week, from 10 a.m. to 12 p.m. and from 12 p.m. to 2 p.m., depending on the activity of the Veterinary Hospital and the clinical cases treated. Number of practice groups: 12 (1 module per session, 12 times). Delivery location: clinical consultation, farm or clinical classroom. Number of teachers per group: depending on the number of cases attended.
Practice C (b1). Tutoring and directed autonomous work.	Práctica C (b3). Tutorías y trabajo autónomo dirigido. A partir de alguno de los casos clínicos, los alumnos deben realizar un trabajo más extenso, que incluya la oportuna discusión y justificación de las actuaciones realizadas, y que será tutelado por un profesor Duración de las prácticas: 5 sesiones de 2 horas. Calendario aproximado de la práctica: distribuidas con periodicidad quincenal. Días de la semana y horarios más convenientes: preferentemente en horario de tarde, si es posible comenzando a las 16 horas. Número de grupos de prácticas: 4 (3 módulos por práctica, 4 veces) Lugar de impartición: seminario o aula. Número de profesores por grupo: 1.

Planning

Methodologies :: Tests
	Class hours	Hours outside the classroom	Total hours
PBL (Problem Based Learning)	10	11	21

Clinical practicums	13	12	25
Case study	9	24	33

Lecture	26	39	65

Mixed tests	1	2	3
Practical tests	1	2	3

(*)The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students.

Methodologies

Methodologies ::

	Description
PBL (Problem Based Learning)	Based on a publication or a clinical case presented, discussion will be promoted among students about the different aspects described, as well as possible diagnostic, therapeutic and prophylactic alternatives.
Clinical practicums	Based on different clinical cases, students will carry out the corresponding clinical examination, the necessary diagnostic tests and their interpretation, which will allow the corresponding diagnosis to be issued. Issue possible differential diagnoses. They must also propose the appropriate therapeutic and preventive measures. In a subsequent session, students will present their conclusions and the cases they have worked on will be discussed. This activity may be replaced by other resources such as audiovisual records or publications about different clinical cases, in which students, in small groups, will work and discuss these resources. At all times, personalized attention will be provided by the teachers to the students and the work done will be valued.
Case study	Propose various aspects of one or more pathologies to present to the rest of the group. Based on a specific topic, students, in small groups, must search for bibliographic information and issue a reasoned criticism of said publications. Your ability to synthesize and select bibliographic information will be valued. At all times, personalized attention will be provided by the teachers to the students.
Lecture	Presentación de los temas en el aula, discusión y comentarios sobre la temática objeto de estudio, con especial atención a resolver aquellas dudas planteadas por los alumnos.

Personalized attention

Case study

Clinical practicums

Lecture

PBL (Problem Based Learning)

Mixed tests

Practical tests

Description

As the different teachers who participate in the teaching of the subject intervene in the teaching of different subjects, there will not be a uniform schedule of attention to the student (traditional tutoring). It must be consulted at the beginning of the course for each teacher.
The tutorials will be both in person and online through the institutional Moodle educational platform, where the resources and activities of the course will also be contained.
Collaboration and help will be provided in carrying out the proposed work. As well as advice and instructions on continuous evaluation and scheduled evaluation tests.

Assessment

	Description	Qualification
Case study	The student's participation in the different phases of development of this activity, as well as their ability to work in a group	The grade obtained in the case study will count 35% for the continuous evaluation. Continuous evaluation will contribute 35% of the final grade
Clinical practicums	The student's participation in the different phases of development of this activity, as well as their ability to work in a group	The grade obtained in the clinical practices will count 50% for the continuous evaluation. Continuous evaluation will contribute 35% of the final grade
Lecture
PBL (Problem Based Learning)	The student's participation in the different phases of development of this activity, as well as their ability to work in a group	The grade obtained in the discussion groups or PBL will count 15% for the continuous evaluation. Continuous evaluation will contribute 35% of the final grade
Mixed tests	The mixed tests will consist of three phases: - Online evaluation, if possible prior to teaching the theoretical classes - Partial exam, which will include approximately half of the subject - Final test, which will consist of a part on theoretical knowledge and the resolution of clinical cases.	An online evaluation will be carried out, if possible, prior to the teaching of the theoretical classes, in order to stimulate participation, understanding and the presentation of doubts about different aspects of the subject. The grade obtained will be included in the Continuous Evaluation section. Towards the middle of the subject, a partial exam will be carried out on the subject taught and which will allow those students who pass it to release said subject. This exam will consist of multiple response questions (test) and short development questions. The final test, through written tests, will consist of a part on theoretical knowledge (50%) and the resolution of several clinical cases (50%). Theoretical knowledge will be evaluated through multiple response questions (test) and short development questions. Between 30 to 40 multiple response questions (test) with only one correct answer will be proposed. Correct answers will score one (+1), wrong answers will subtract half a point (-0.5). The score for this part is graded from 0 to 10. The short development questions will be graded from 0 to 10. Likewise, it will be necessary to solve a series of clinical cases, on different aspects taught in the subject, where, based on some data provided by the teacher, the student must solve various questions posed. The final grade for theoretical knowledge will be obtained by averaging the three previous tests. This test will contribute 65% to the final grade. Continuous evaluation will grant 35% of the final grade, and the various activities carried out throughout the Course will be valued (Clinical practices: 50%, Tutorials: 35% and Discussion groups: 15%). The final grade will be obtained with 65% of the grades obtained in the exams taken, 35% from the continuous evaluation carried out throughout the different activities, and up to 10% can be evaluated for attendance at the different activities. It will be essential to obtain at least 35% of the grade in each of the sections (multi-choice questions, development questions, clinical cases and continuous evaluation). July call (in the second semester). It will be evaluated through a test divided into 3 parts: (multiple choice questions, short questions/to be developed, clinical cases). It will be essential to obtain at least 35% of the grade in each of the sections. The final grade for theoretical knowledge will be obtained by averaging the three previous tests.
Others		Attendance and participation in the different activities will count for a maximum of 10% of the final grade.

Other comments and second call
July call (extraordinary, in the second semester). It will be evaluated through a test divided into 3 parts: multiple choice questions, short questions/to be developed, clinical cases. It will be essential to obtain at least 35% of the grade in each of the sections. The final grade will be obtained by averaging the three previous tests. The use of any type of devices or instruments intended for fraudulent use in tests, exams or assessment activities of the subject is totally prohibited. The use of information, devices or instruments intended for fraudulent use in tests, exams or assessment activities of the subject, as indicated in the teaching guide and expressly reported at the beginning of the evaluation tests, will lead to immediate expulsion. of the student of the test he is taking and the application of current legislation

Sources of information

Access to Recommended Bibliography in the Catalog ULE

Basic	Nelson RW, Couto CG, Medicina interna de pequeños animales, Buenos Aires: Inter-Médica, 2000 Dirksen G, Gründer HD, Stöber M , Medicina interna y cirugía del bovino. Vol 1 y 2 , Buenos Aires: Inter-Médica, 2005 Radostits OM, Gay CC, Blood DC, Hinchcliff KW, Medicina veterinaria. Tratado de enfermedades del ganado bovino, ovino, porcino, caprino y equino, Madrid: McGraw-Hill Intermericana, 1999 Fidalgo Alvarez LE, Rejas López J, Ruiz de Gopegui Fernández R, Ramos Antón JJ (Coord.), Patología médica veterinaria, León: ULe; Santiago de Compostela: USC; Zaragoza: UniZar, 2003 Ettinger SJ, Feldman EC (Eds.), Tratado de medicina interna veterinaria. Enfermedades del perro y del gato, Madrid: Elsevier, 2007

Complementary	Willard MD, Tvedten H, Turnwald GH, Diagnóstico clínicopatológico práctico en los animales pequeños, Buenos Aires: Inter-Médica, 1993 Kraft W, Dürr UM , Diagnóstico de laboratorio clínico en veterinaria, Madrid: Editores Médicos, 2000 Davies C, Shell L, Diagnósticos frecuentes en pequeños animales. Un método algorítmico, Madrid: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2003 Church DC, El rumiante: fisiología digestiva y nutrición, Zaragoza: Acribia, 1993 Rebhun WC, Guard C, Richards CM, Enfermedades del ganado vacuno lechero, Zaragoza: Acribia, 1999 Ruiz de Gopegui Fernández R, Torrente Artero C, Rejas López J, Guía de urgencias, Castellón: Consulta de Difusión Veterinaria, 2000 Ruiz de Gopegui Fernández R, Rejas López J, Guía diagnóstica del perro y el gato, Castellón: Consulta de Difusión Veterinaria , 2009 Rejas López J, Guía terapéutica del animal de compañía, Castellón: Consulta de Difusión Veterinaria , 2012 Bush BM, Interpretación de los análisis de laboratorio para clínicos de pequeños animales, Barcelona: Ediciones S, 1999 Meredith A, Redrobe S, Manual de animales exóticos, Barcelona: Ediciones S , 2006 Beynon PH, Cooper JE, Manual de animales exóticos, Barcelona: Ediciones S, 1999 Villiers E, Blackwood L, Manual de diagnóstico de laboratorio en pequeños animales, Barcelona: Ediciones S , 2009 Lee R, Manual de diagnóstico por imagen en pequeños animales, Barcelona: Ediciones S , 1999 Bistner BS, Ford RB, Raffe MR, Manual de terapéutica y procedimientos de urgencia en pequeñas especies, México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2002 Smith BP, Medicina interna de grandes animales: 4ª ed, Barcelona: Elsevier Mosby, 2010 Reed SM, Bayly WM, Sellon DC, Medicina interna equina. Tomo 1 y 2, Buenos Aires: Inter-Médica , 2005 Colahan PT, Mayhew IG, Merritt AM, Moore JN, Medicina y cirugía equina. Vol 1 y 2, Buenos Aires: Inter-Médica, 1998 Arenas C, Cortés C, Del Castillo, N, Procedimientos en medicina de urgencias: para el clínico de pequeños animales, Multimedica Ediciones Veterinarias, 2009 Avila Téllez S, Gutiérrez Chávez AJ, Producción de leche con ganado bovino, 3ª ed., México: Editorial YIRE, 2014 Ford RB, Signos clínicos y diagnóstico en pequeños animales, Buenos Aires; Madrid: Médica Panamericana, 1992

Recommendations

Subjects that it is recommended to have taken before

PHYSIOLOGY I / 00106003

PHYSIOLOGY II / 00106007

GENERAL PATHOLOGY / 00106016

VETERINARY PHARMACOLOGY / 00106019

CLINICAL PROPEDEUTICS / 00106022

ANIMAL PRODUCTION AND HYGIENE / 00106029

INFECTIOUS DISEASES I / 00106032

PARASITIC DISEASES / 00106033

INFECTIOUS DISEASES II / 00106037


Other comments
The use of mobile telephone devices during classes is totally prohibited, except if the teaching staff considers their use necessary, and expressly allows it. It is prohibited to use image and sound recording media in classes. In those cases where the student requires this recording, it is necessary to notify the teacher in advance. If not strictly necessary, please refrain from eating or drinking during class.