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Educational guide | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IDENTIFYING DATA | 2024_25 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subject | CLINICAL ROTATION | Code | 00106042 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Study programme |
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Descriptors | Credit. | Type | Year | Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
9 | Compulsory | Fifth | Second |
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Language |
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Prerequisites | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Department | MEDICINA,CIRUGIA Y ANAT.VETERI |
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Coordinador |
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matesd@unileon.es ajalod@unileon.es mmalvg@unileon.es mjcanr@unileon.es mtcarr@unileon.es amcaru@unileon.es mcfere@unileon.es jmfreg@unileon.es mfuef@unileon.es mjgari@unileon.es mbgarr@unileon.es jrgonm@unileon.es jmgono@unileon.es cperm@unileon.es jhrejl@unileon.es mariog@unileon.es jarodma@unileon.es hargr@unileon.es abalm@unileon.es jespic@unileon.es dgute@unileon.es mregf@unileon.es msoru@unileon.es |
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Lecturers |
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Web | http:// | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General description | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tribunales de Revisión |
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Competencias |
Code | |
A19611 | 106P1 Perform the history and clinical examination of the animals. |
A19612 | 106P10 Assess and interpret the productive and health parameters of an animal group, considering the economic and welfare aspects. |
A19614 | 106P12 Respect and enforce animal welfare in all professional activities related to animal management. |
A19615 | 106P13 Minimise the risks of contamination and cross-infection in animal facilities and in the field. |
A19618 | 106P16 Carry out risk analysis, including environmental and biosafety risks, as well as their assessment and management. |
A19621 | 106P19 Practical application of veterinary principles and methodologies, as well as the acquisition of the skills and competencies described in the general objectives of the degree. |
A19692 | 106S66 Principles and methodologies of veterinary medicine, as well as the acquisition of the skills and competencies described in the general objectives of the degree. |
B6471 | 106G1 Analyse, synthesise, solve problems and make decisions in the professional fields of the veterinarian. |
B6472 | 106G2 Work as a team, single or multidisciplinary, and show respect, appreciation and sensitivity to the work of others. |
B6473 | 106G3 Maintain ethical behavior in the exercise of their responsibilities towards the profession and society. |
B6474 | 106G4 Communicate the information obtained during the veterinarians professional practice fluently, orally and in writing, with other colleagues, authorities and society in general. |
B6475 | 106G5 Write and present professional reports correctly, always maintaining the necessary confidentiality. |
B6476 | 106G6 Search and manage information related to the veterinarians activity. |
B6477 | 106G7 Apply the scientific method to professional practice including evidence-based medicine. |
B6478 | 106G8 Know how to get professional advice and help. |
B6479 | 106G9 Demonstrate interest in knowing how to use basic computer tools. |
B6480 | 106G10 Have basic knowledge of a second language, especially in technical aspects related to Veterinary Sciences. |
B6481 | 106G11 Keep the knowledge, skills and attitudes of professional competencies updated through a continuing education process. |
C1 | CMECES1 That students have demonstrated possession and understanding of knowledge in an area of study that is based on general secondary education, and is usually found at a level that, although supported by advanced textbooks, also includes some aspects that involve knowledge from the cutting edge of their field of study |
C2 | CMECES2 That students know how to apply their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional manner and possess the skills that are usually demonstrated through the development and defense of arguments and the resolution of problems within their area of study. |
C3 | CMECES3 That students have the ability to gather and interpret relevant data (normally within their area of study) to make judgments that include reflection on relevant issues of a social, scientific or ethical nature. |
C4 | CMECES4 That students can transmit information, ideas, problems and solutions to both a specialised and non-specialised audience |
C5 | CMECES5 That students have developed those learning skills necessary to undertake further studies with a high degree of autonomy |
Learning aims |
Competences | |||
Practices hospital and outpatient veterinary clinical activity, including necessary diagnostic services | A19611 A19621 A19692 |
B6471 B6472 B6473 B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6478 B6479 B6480 B6481 |
C2 C4 |
It is capable of carrying out prevention, diagnosis and individual or collective treatment, as well as the fight against animal diseases. | A19611 A19614 A19621 A19692 |
B6471 B6472 B6473 B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6478 B6479 B6480 B6481 |
C2 C3 C5 |
Knows and applies legal, regulatory and administrative provisions in all areas of the veterinary profession and public health, understanding the ethical implications of health in a changing global context. | A19615 A19618 A19621 A19692 |
B6471 B6472 B6473 B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6478 B6479 B6480 B6481 |
C1 C2 |
Carry out professional practice, acquiring skills related to teamwork, efficient use of resources and quality management. | A19612 A19614 A19621 A19692 |
B6471 B6472 B6473 B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6478 B6479 B6480 B6481 |
C2 C3 |
Dentifies emerging risks in all areas of the veterinary profession. | A19615 A19618 A19621 A19692 |
B6471 B6472 B6473 B6474 B6475 B6476 B6477 B6478 B6479 B6480 B6481 |
C2 C3 C5 |
Contents |
Topic | Sub-topic |
PRACTICAL PROGRAM | I. INTERNSHIP A.- COMPANY, EXOTIC AND WILD ANIMAL CLINIC. EQUINE CLINIC a.- Small, Exotic and Wild Animal Medicine (a.1 Internal Medicine, a.2 Surgery, a.3 Reproduction and Obstetrics, a.4 Infectious and Parasitic Diseases), b.- Diagnostic imaging and other complementary tests (Laboratory), c.- Hospitalization, d.- Equine Medicine and Surgery e.- Oncall and Emergencies II. PRACTICES B.- FARM ANIMALS WALKING CLINIC a.- Internal medicine b.- Surgery c.- Reproduction and Obstetrics d.- Imaging diagnosis and other complementary tests III. PRACTICES C.- NECROPSIES OF CLINICAL CASES. Macroscopic and histological anatomopathological studies for diagnostic purposes. |
TRANSVERSAL AND GENERIC COMPETENCES | KNOWLEDGE, ABILITIES AND SKILLS THAT STUDENTS SHOULD WORK ON IN THE CLINICAL ROTATION* * Depending on the cases treated and clinical procedures practiced by each student during their internship period at the Hospital TRANSVERSAL SKILLS Attitude Show interest and willingness to carry out tasks. Teamwork Cooperate, help and contribute in the tasks assigned as a group. Knowledge Possess theoretical knowledge on the subject. Learning Assimilate and contrast the concepts. Autonomy Put into practice what has been learned, exposing it with correct language. GENERIC COMPETENCES/CONSULTATIONS Clinical History Complete in an orderly, precise manner and highlighting the most relevant aspects, including data on the patient, the disease, as well as the environment, care and management. Exploratory Management Use and properly care for clinical material, starting with appropriate clothing. Handle and restrain the animal safely and carefully, using the different containment methods appropriate in each case. Nutrition Correctly evaluate the nutritional status of each patient and correctly advise on animal nutrition, based on their species, breed, age, gender and aptitude. Clinical examination. Physics Perform clinical examinations systematically and completely, beginning with a timely anamnesis, followed by the general examination (general inspection and taking of vital signs) and continuing with the special physical examination relevant to each case, specifying the severity of the process. Complementary Exploration Select the complementary tests to be performed that allow clinical judgments to be made in each patient. Diagnosis and Prognosis Interpret the data collected in the clinical and complementary examination, specifying the definitive diagnosis based on a possible differential diagnosis and issuing the prognosis of the process/patient. Treatment and Prophylaxis Establish for each patient/process the correct therapeutic indication (hygienic-dietary, medicinal and/or surgical), as well as the prophylactic measures to apply to prevent relapses/recurrences or possible complications. |
SPECIFIC COMPETENCES | KNOWLEDGE, ABILITIES AND SKILLS THAT STUDENTS SHOULD WORK ON IN THE CLINICAL ROTATION* * Depending on the cases treated and clinical procedures practiced by each student during their internship period at the Hospital SPECIFIC COMPETENCES / INTERNAL MEDICINE Exploration of wild animals and new companion animals Properly carry out the management, containment and clinical examination of birds (wild or not), reptiles (wild or not), wild mammals (phytophagous, carnivores) and new companion animals (mustelids, rodents, lagomorphs and others). Sample Collection Collect, preserve and transport all types of samples (blood, urine, feces, hair, scrapings, adhesive tape, secretions, fine needle aspiration, biopsies) accompanied by their corresponding report and indicating the indications of the biopathological parameters to be evaluated in each case. Ear examination Properly perform the examination of the ears and the otoscopic examination (with sampling of the ear pinnae and external auditory canal). Ophthalmological examination Perform a complete ophthalmological examination (with Schirmer test, ICP measurement, fluorescein). Neurological examination Perform a complete and orderly neurological examination in a patient with neurological disease. ECG Perform and interpret a basic ECG. Clinical Analysis Perform the different standard laboratory tests (hemogram, blood biochemistry, urinalysis, cytology) and interpret the results obtained, both those carried out by the same and those generated by other laboratories, including anatomopathological ones. Pharmacological prescription Access data sources appropriate regulations on authorized medications; prescribe and dispense medicines correctly and responsibly, in accordance with current legislation and ensure that medicines and waste are stored and/or disposed of safely. SPECIFIC SKILLS / INFECTIOUS AND PARASITIC DISEASES Preventive Medicine Know and propose therapeutic measures and/or measures aimed at preventing the different infectious and parasitic pathologies present in animals. Show knowledge and ability to advise on vaccination and deworming programs for small animals. Biosecurity. Disease Declaration Know how to determine when a sick animal must be isolated, applying appropriate safety measures. Know and apply the correct procedures after diagnosing notifiable diseases, communicable diseases and zoonoses. Sample Collection Collect, preserve and transport all types of samples (blood, feces, secretions, scrapings, etc.) used for bacteriological, parasitological and serological purposes, accompanied by their corresponding report. Laboratory Perform coprological techniques (rapid test, flotation, sedimentation, migration, stool culture and/or sporulation), with identification and counting of parasitic forms, and interpretation of results. Perform and correctly interpret the main serological/immunological tests used in the diagnosis of infectious and parasitic diseases in carnivores. Show skill in performing blood smears and staining to identify blood parasites. Perform and interpret antibiograms. SPECIFIC COMPETENCES / REPRODUCTION Reproductive Aspects Show knowledge and ability to advise the client on the general aspects of the reproductive function and the principles of breeding for each animal species. Vaginal Cytology Perform and interpret vaginal cytology of a dog (or other animal species). Spermogram Perform and interpret the spermiogram in a dog (or other animal species). Artificial Insemination Perform artificial insemination on a dog (or other animal species) Pregnancy Diagnosis Perform ultrasound pregnancy diagnosis on a dog/cat (or other animal species). SPECIFIC SKILLS / SURGERY Anesthesia Safely perform sedation, general and regional anesthesia , and evaluates and controls pain. Demonstrate skill in carrying out pre-anesthesia and acts as an anesthetist's assistant in the control of a patient's general anesthesia and in its recovery. Preoperative/cures Adequately prepare a patient for a surgical intervention (depilate, wash, shave, disinfect, etc.). Asepsis/instruments Correctly apply the principles of aseptic surgery, preparation and use of instruments. Minor Surgery Perform a complete minor surgical intervention (opening and drainage of an abscess, extraction of a superficial foreign body, treatment of nail lesions, superficial papillomas, skin or mucosa suturing, etc.), showing skill in the surgical technique. Digestive endoscopies Adequately prepare a patient for a digestive endoscopy (gastroduodenoscopy/colonoscopy), assist the endoscopist and interpret the macroscopic findings observed. Major Surgery Act as an assistant in a major surgical intervention. Show skill from washing, preparing and assisting the surgeon until the end of the intervention. Dog or cat castration Perform a castration of a male dog or cat (or a male of another species), showing your skill in the surgical technique. Postoperative/ dressings/ dressings Perform complete dressing of a surgical wound, remove sutures and demonstrate skill in surgical dressings. SPECIFIC SKILLS / EMERGENCIES AND HOSPITALIZATION Medical emergencies Assess and interpret the severity of a critical patient. Assist all common pet species in an emergency and perform basic first aid. Intensive Care Monitor and interpret the clinical and analytical parameters of critically ill patients, proposing the therapeutic measures to be adopted in each case. Hospitalization Carry out scheduled clinical checkups on hospitalized patients. Intravenous Infusion/Fluid Therapy Place lines to infuse large amounts of fluids. Propose a fluid therapy treatment and calculate the necessary volume, speed and time of polyionic crystalloids or other products. Medication administration Correctly administer oral and parenteral treatments (intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular). Nutrition hospitalized animals Prescribe/administer adequate food/nutrition in relation to the pathological process and the severity of the hospitalized patient. SPECIFIC SKILLS / IMAGE DIAGNOSIS Abdominal Ultrasound Perform abdominal ultrasound, identifying different abdominal anatomical structures, and interpreting the ultrasound images. Echocardiography From the echocardiographic images, identify and morphologically assess the different cardiac structures and vessels, as well as interpret cardiac functionality (dynamics). Safety and Radiological Protection. Know and correctly apply the basic safety and protection measures in the use of X-rays. Know and apply the appropriate containment methods for patients undergoing radiological studies. Chest X-ray Perform a chest x-ray, identifying the different thoracic anatomical structures, and interpreting the radiographic images. Abdominal X-ray Perform an abdominal X-ray, identifying the different abdominal anatomical structures, and interpreting the radiographic images. Cervical, Pelvis and Extremities Radiography Perform radiography of the musculoskeletal system, identifying the different anatomical structures, and interpreting the radiographic images. Computed Tomography (CT) Recognize and interpret images obtained by CT. Magnetic Resonance (MRI) Recognize and interpret images obtained by MRI. SPECIFIC SKILLS / EQUINE MEDICINE AND SURGERY Pre-purchase exam Adequately carry out the action protocol and pre-purchase report. Sample Collection Collect, preserve and transport all types of samples (blood, urine, feces, hair, scrapings, adhesive tape, secretions, fine needle aspiration, biopsies) accompanied by their corresponding report and indicating the indications of the biopathological parameters to be evaluated in each case. Nasogastric catheterization. Gastroscopy Correctly perform a nasogastric catheter. Perform gastroscopy. Pharmacological prescription Access appropriate data sources on authorized medications; prescribe and dispense medicines correctly and responsibly, in accordance with current legislation and ensure that medicines and waste are stored and/or disposed of safely. Emergencies. Traumatological/Equine Colic Adequately attend to cases of trauma emergencies and perform first aid and basic cures. Assess and interpret the severity of a horse with colic, adopting urgent measures where appropriate. Intensive Care Monitor and interpret the clinical and analytical parameters of critically ill patients, proposing the therapeutic measures to be adopted in each case. Hospitalization Carry out scheduled clinical checkups on hospitalized patients. Neonate Hospitalization Apply nursing care to hospitalized neonatal equines. Biosecurity. Disease Declaration Know how to determine when a sick equine should be isolated, applying appropriate safety measures. Know and apply the correct procedures after diagnosing notifiable diseases, communicable diseases and zoonoses. Intravenous Infusion/Fluid Therapy Place lines to infuse large amounts of fluids. Propose fluid therapy treatments and calculate the necessary volume, speed and time of polyionic crystalloids or other products. Medication administration Correctly administer oral and parenteral treatments (intravenous, subcutaneous, intramuscular). Nutrition of hospitalized animals Formulate adequate feeding/nutrition in relation to the pathological process and the severity of the hospitalized patient. Abdominal Ultrasound Perform transcutaneous abdominal ultrasound, identifying different abdominal anatomical structures, and interpret the ultrasound images. Gynecological Rectal Ultrasound Perform rectal palpation and use the transrectal ultrasound, locating and identifying the structures of the mare's reproductive system, determining the status of the estrous cycle or making a pregnancy diagnosis. Extremities Ultrasound Perform and interpret ultrasounds of the palmar surface of the shaft and finger in horses. Examination of lameness in horses Carry out complete regulated physical examination procedures for lameness in horses (static inspection, dynamic inspection (gait examination), palpation, pain exacerbation tests, etc.) determining the degree of lameness they present. Safety and Radiological Protection Know and correctly apply the basic safety and protection measures in the use of X-rays. Know and apply the appropriate containment methods for patients undergoing radiological studies. X-ray Extremities Perform the preparation, cleaning, conditioning, radiographic homogenization and contrast of the equine feet. Perform x-rays of the horse's feet or limbs: positioning and projection. Interpret and report an x-ray of equine limbs. Anesthesia Safely perform sedation, general and regional anesthesia, and assess and control pain. Demonstrates his or her skill in carrying out pre-anesthesia and acting as an anesthetist's assistant in the control of a patient's general anesthesia and in his or her recovery. Preoperative/Cures Adequately prepare a patient for a surgical intervention (depilate, wash, shave, disinfect, etc.). Asepsis/Surgical Instruments Correctly apply the principles of aseptic surgery, preparation and use of surgical instruments. Surgery Act as an assistant in a surgical intervention. Show skill from washing, preparing and assisting the surgeon until the end of the intervention. Postoperative/ dressings/ dressings Perform complete dressing of a surgical wound, stitches and show skill in surgical dressings. |
Planning |
Methodologies :: Tests | |||||||||
Class hours | Hours outside the classroom | Total hours | |||||||
Clinical practicums | 210 | 0 | 210 | ||||||
Personal tuition | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Lecture | 0 | 0 | 0 | ||||||
Mixed tests | 5 | 10 | 15 | ||||||
(*)The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students. |
Methodologies |
Description | |
Clinical practicums | METHODOLOGIES 1- SUPERVISED CLINICAL PRACTICES. (Total face-to-face, individual or collective work, 210 hours/student/group). INTERNSHIP A.- COMPANY, EXOTIC AND WILD ANIMAL CLINIC. EQUINE CLINIC Clinical practices (150 of teaching) carried out in the different Services and Specialties of the Veterinary Hospital of the University of León. During the course, each student, in groups of 3 to 5 people, will be summoned over 3 weeks to carry out these practices distributed in the different services, depending on the cases treated at the Hospital, with the following approximate estimate of hours in each one of them: M.- Small animal medicine 3 days/8 hours or 6 half days/4 hours (24 hours) C.- Small animal surgery 3 days/8 hours or 6 half days/4 hours (24 hours) E.- Equine medicine and surgery 3 days/ 8 hours (24 hours) H.- Hospitalization 2 days/ 8 hours (16 hours) D.- Diagnostic imaging 2 days / 8 hours or 4 half days / 4 hours (16 hours) G.- Guards 2 days/ 11 hours (22 hours) U.- Emergencies 1 day/24 hours or 2 half days/12 hours (24 hours) PRACTICES B.- WALKING CLINIC Clinical practices (35 hours) carried out on livestock farms and/or farms of the University of León. Students will carry out Mobile Clinic outings with clinical cases on farms (Bovine, Ovine, Porcine, Poultry and Rabbits) with collaborating veterinarians, completing clinical practices on the University Farm (Bovine, Ovine and Porcine). . Students for the Mobile Clinic outings will be distributed in groups of 1 or 2 people and for the Farm in small groups of people (by course modules). The distribution of one type or another of internships will be subject to the situation of the pandemic throughout the semester and the security measures established for each moment. PRACTICES C.- NECROPSIES OF CLINICAL CASES Clinical practices (25 hours) carried out in the Anatomopathological Diagnostic Service (necropsies and histopathological studies) of the Faculty of Veterinary Medicine of the University of León. These practices will be scheduled over 1 week in small groups of people (by course modules). |
Personal tuition | Specialized face-to-face and online tutorials through the institutional Moodle educational platform, where the resources and activities of the course will also be contained, or through email. Student support in teaching and non-teaching content. Personal tutorials, or in small groups, to clarify doubts about clinical cases, clinical procedures or the topics covered in practical classes, as well as for advice on work or reports. Personal tutorials, or in small groups, preparatory to the continuous or final evaluation. exams. Evaluation review tutorials. |
Lecture |
Personalized attention |
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Assessment |
Description | Qualification | ||
Others | CONTINUOUS EVALUATION (PRACTICAL CLASSES) FINAL EVALUATION (PRACTICAL EXERCISE) |
70% 30% |
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Other comments and second call | |||
ASPECTS AND CRITERIA OF THE EVALUATION
At the beginning of the course, a detailed catalog of skills and abilities classified into transversal, generic and specific competencies will be provided, which students must develop and acquire based on the clinical cases attended and the clinical procedures performed, as well as the respective instructions for the preparation. of reports, clinical histories and/or memories for each of the parts of the programmed practical training activities, which students must carry out for the continuous and final evaluation of the subject.
A minimum of attendance is required, greater than 80% of the face-to-face practices, to be evaluated (ordinary or extraordinary call), taking into account the following criteria:
INTERNSHIP A.- COMPANY, EXOTIC AND WILD ANIMAL CLINIC. EQUINE CLINIC (50% Final grade).
A.1.- Report from the collaborating professors or veterinarians/hospital residents, who, depending on the development of the training activities, will assess the transversal, generic and/or specific skills acquired by the student (Annex I). A.2.- Diary/workbook, in which each student will reflect the days and hours of practices, detailing the service or specialty in which they have developed the practices, with the signature of the collaborating professors or veterinarians/hospital residents. who have supervised the practices, a list of the activities developed personally and the skills or abilities evaluated by themselves.
A. 3.- Personal report: in which the student will reflect the activities carried out, a list of assisted clinical casesdistributed by Services/Specialties, two complete clinical histories (summarized) incorporating a discussion section or two clinical procedures performed and a brief assessment staff. This personal report will have a maximum length of 20 pages, which will be delivered in digital format at the end of the course.
PRACTICES B.- WALKING CLINIC (10% Final grade)
B. 1.- Report from the external tutor who, depending on the development of the training activities, will assess thetransversal, generic and/or specific skills acquired by the student.
B. 2.- Personal report: in which the student will reflect the activities carried out, a list of clinical cases attendedindicating the exit and specialty, a complete clinical history or clinical procedure performed and a brief personal assessment. This personal report will have a maximum length of 10 pages, which will be delivered in digital format at the end of the course.
PRACTICES C.- NECROPSIES OF CLINICAL CASES (10% Final grade)
C. 1.- Perform at least one autopsy each day of practice and a histopathological diagnosis of related lesions,supervised and supervised directly by a teacher.
C.2.- Present each day a documented written anatomical-pathological report of the cases performed the previous day, with the possible diagnosis and differential. Discussion with the rest of the group and the teacher.
C.3.-Oral presentation of one of the necropsy cases and histopathology.
FINAL EVALUATION-D (30% Final grade).
Practical test (questions related to aspects, clinical procedures and interpretation of data or images of different clinical cases).
Students who have not reached a sufficient level of attendance will take a practical test for each of the three parts of the program (Practices A, B and C), in which the competencies, skills and abilities related to each of them will be assessed. the parties, granting each party the corresponding percentage to determine the final grade.
FINAL SCORE · Between 0 - 4.9: SUSPENSE (SS) · Between 5 – 6.9: APPROVED (AP) · Between 7 – 8.9: NOTABLE (NT) · Between 9 – 10: OUTSTANDING (SB)
Honors: may be awarded to students who have obtained a grade equal to or greater than 9. Their number may not exceed 5% of the students enrolled in the subject (maximum one honors for every 20 students enrolled). |
Sources of information |
Access to Recommended Bibliography in the Catalog ULE |
Basic |
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Greenough PPR, McCallum FJ, Weaver AD, Les boiteries des bovins, Le Point Vétérinaire. Maisons-Alfort, 1983 Stashak TS, Adams: lameness in the horse, Intermédica, 2003 Hickman J, Houlton JEF, Edwards B, An atas of veterinary surgerly, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 199 Sisson S, Anatomy of domestic animals. Volumes I and II, Salvat, 1982 Dyson SJ, Atlas of self-assessment in practical veterinary medicine: horses, Grass editions, 1993 Hickman J, Walker R, Atlas of veterinary surgery, CECSA, 1976 Rooney JR, Biomechanics of lameness in horses, Williams & amp;amp;amp; Wilkins, 1969 Weaver AD, Bovine surgery and lameness, Blackwell Scientific Publications, 1986 Hickman J, Equine surgery and medicine. Vol. I and II, Southern Hemisphere, 1988 Speirs VC, Clinical examination of horses, Saunders Co, 1997 Yovich J, Veterinary clinics of North America. Equine practice: the equine foot, Intermédica, 1990 González A et al., Control of lameness in cattle, Bovis, 1996 Toussaint E, Care of the bovine hoof and functional trimming, National University, 1991 Robinson NE, Current therapy in equine medicine, 1, WB Saunders Co, 1983 Robinson NE , Current therapy in equine medicine, 4, WB Saunders Co , 1997 McIlwraith CW, Diagnostic and surgical arthroscopy in the horse, Lea & Febiger, 1990 Novales M, Radiological diagnosis in the horse: fetlock and toe, Almuzara studies SA, 2004 Pollit CC, The horse's foot: color atlas, Harcourt Brace, 1998 Wyn-Jones G, Orthopedic diseases of equines, Southern Hemisphere , 1992 Nixon AJ, Equine fracture repair, WB Saunders company, 1996 Mansmann RA, McAllister ES, Pratt PW, Equine medicine and surgery, American Veterinary Publications, 1982 Auer JA, Equine surgery, Saunders-Elsevier, 2006 McIlwraith CW, Turner AS, Equine surgery advanced techniques, Read & Febiger, 1987 Denoix JM, Extremity of the horse. Distal part, Ediciones S, 2001 Stashak TS, Management of wounds in horses, Intermédica, 1994 Colahan PT, Mayhew IG, Merrit AM, Moore JN, Equine medicine and surgery. Vol. I and II, Intermédica, 1998 Turner AS, McIlwraith CW, Techniques in large animal surgery, Lea & Febiger, 1982 Bojrab MJ, Current techniques in small animal surgery, Interamericana, 1993 Robinson NE, Current therapeutics in equine medicine, 2, Intermédica, 1992 Jennings PB, Textbook of large animal surgery. Volumes I and II, Salvat, 1989 Denny HR, Treatment of fractures in horses, Acribia, 1991 Department video library. |
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Complementary |
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Videoteca del departamento. |
Recommendations |
Subjects that it is recommended to have taken before | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Other comments | |
For adequate training in skills, it is advisable that you have completed the Common Basic Training and Clinical Sciences and Animal Health modules. |