Educational guide | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IDENTIFYING DATA | 2023_24 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subject | FUNDAMENTAL BIOLOGY | Code | 00207001 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Study programme |
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Descriptors | Credit. | Type | Year | Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | Basic Training | First | First |
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Language |
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Prerequisites | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Department | BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR |
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Coordinador |
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fmarp@unileon.es talvf@unileon.es nnavm@unileon.es elacf@unileon.es |
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Lecturers |
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Web | http:// | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General description | Description of the more important biomolecules (carbohydrates, lipids, proteins and nucleic acid), and some metabolic pathways. Description of the different types of cells and their subcellular structures/organelles. Basic knowledge of genetics: the structure and function of genes, heredity, recombination and genetic variability. | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tribunales de Revisión |
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Competencias |
Code | |
A13948 | |
A13959 | |
A14013 | |
A14017 | |
A14018 | |
B3751 | |
B3757 | |
B3758 | |
B3759 | |
B3760 | |
B3761 | |
B3762 | |
B3763 | |
C1 | CMECES1 That students have demonstrated possession and understanding of knowledge in an area of study that is based on general secondary education, and is usually found at a level that, although supported by advanced textbooks, also includes some aspects that involve knowledge from the cutting edge of their field of study |
C2 | CMECES2 That students know how to apply their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional manner and possess the skills that are usually demonstrated through the development and defense of arguments and the resolution of problems within their area of study. |
C3 | CMECES3 That students have the ability to gather and interpret relevant data (normally within their area of study) to make judgments that include reflection on relevant issues of a social, scientific or ethical nature. |
C5 | CMECES5 That students have developed those learning skills necessary to undertake further studies with a high degree of autonomy |
Learning aims |
Competences | |||
Know the structure and functions of biomolecules | A13948 A14013 A14017 A14018 |
B3751 B3757 B3758 B3759 B3760 B3761 B3762 B3763 |
C1 C2 C3 C5 |
Know and understand the structure and function of animal and plant cells and tissues. | A14013 A14017 A14018 |
B3751 B3757 B3758 B3759 B3760 B3761 B3762 B3763 |
C1 C2 C3 C5 |
Know and understand the fundamentals of Genetics and the mechanisms of inheritance and evolution. | A13959 A14013 A14017 |
B3751 B3757 B3758 B3759 B3760 B3761 B3762 B3763 |
C1 C2 C3 C5 |
Contents |
Topic | Sub-topic |
Biochemistry | Biochemistry Theoretical part: Topic 1.- Water Topic 2.- Carbohydrates, lipids and nucleic acids Topic 3.- Amino acids and proteins Topic 4.- Enzymes Topic 5.- Notions of bioenergetics Topic 6.- Photosynthesis Topic 7.- Oxidation of substrates Topic 8.- Oxidative phosphorylation. Topic 9.- Biosynthesis of carbohydrates Topic 10.- Notions of lipid metabolism. Topic 11.- Notions of nitrogenous metabolism. Practical part: 1.- Separation of leaf pigments by thin layer chromatography 2.- Qualitative analysis of sugars 3.- Obtaining and hydrolysis of starch 4.- Quantitative determination of proteins by colorimetric methods |
Cell Biology | Theoretical part: Topic 12.- Levels of organization of living beings. General structure of the prokaryotic or eukaryotic cell Topic 13.- Structure and organization of the plasmatic membrane. cell cover. Cellular wall. Extracellular matrix. Transport. Cellular communication. Topic 14.- Cytoplasm, cytoskeleton and cytosol. cell motility. Organelles of synthesis, degradation and energy. Topic 15.- Nucleus. Nuclear envelope and matrix. Nucleolus. Organization of DNA and associated proteins. Topic 16.- Cell cycle. Mitosis. Meiosis. Topic 17.- Tissue organization in animals. Epithelial tissue. connective tissues muscle tissue and nervous tissue. Topic 18.- Tissue organization in plants. we meristem Epidermis and peridermis. Parenchyma. Collenchyma and sclerenchyma. Xylem and phloem. Practical part: 1.- Optical microscope and its handling. General characteristics of eukaryotic cells 2.- Observation and interpretation of animal tissue preparations 3.- Observation and interpretation of plant tissue preparations |
Genetics | Theoretical part: Topic 19.- Biological inheritance: basic principles, Mendel's experiments. Chromosomal theory of inheritance, genetic significance of chromosome behavior in cell division. Topic 20.- Extension of Mendelian analysis I: variations in dominance, gene interactions, allelic series, lethal genes. Topic 21.- Extension of Mendelian analysis II: extranuclear inheritance, inheritance of quantitative characters. Topic 22.- Linkage and genetic recombination. Sex-linked inheritance. Topic 23.- The origin of genetic variability. Genetic and chromosomal mutations. mutagenic agents. Topic 24.- Population genetics. Variation in populations. Causes and factors that alter the variation. Practical part: 1.- Problems sessions. |
Planning |
Methodologies :: Tests | |||||||||
Class hours | Hours outside the classroom | Total hours | |||||||
Lecture | 30 | 45 | 75 | ||||||
Problem solving, classroom exercises | 8 | 16 | 24 | ||||||
Laboratory practicals | 18 | 29 | 47 | ||||||
Personal tuition | 3 | 0 | 3 | ||||||
Mixed tests | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
(*)The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students. |
Methodologies |
Description | |
Lecture | To develop the theoretical credits, master classes will be given with the support of audiovisual media, encouraging student participation. |
Problem solving, classroom exercises | Resolution of problems and exercises by the teacher and students in the classroom, using small groups (the same as those for laboratory practices). Exclusive activity of the Genetics part. |
Laboratory practicals | n the practices, activities related to each of the blocks of the subject will be carried out. The practices will be carried out in small groups, generally organized in alphabetical order. Attendance at practices will be mandatory. Failure to attend any of the sessions will mean failure to pass the corresponding part. In case of not being able to attend one of the practices for a properly justified reason, but that can be done in a different group, there is the possibility of allowing the change of group for that practice. In this case, the teacher in charge of the corresponding practice must be notified in advance, and the change of group must be arranged with another student. In case of not being able to carry out the exchange, the professor in charge must be informed, who will consider if the change is possible. It will not be considered if it is a foreseeable event and if no attempt has been made to manage the exchange between practices. In case of not being able to attend any practice for a justified reason, a document that adequately proves it must be presented. In any case, if there had been the possibility of having attended in another group and no attempt has been made to manage the change, it will be considered as an unjustified absence, even if proof is presented. |
Personal tuition | Tuition in small groups, carried out in the classroom. The most relevant aspects of the subject will be discussed and any doubts raised by the students will be resolved. |
Personalized attention |
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Assessment |
Description | Qualification | ||
Lecture | Ordinary Calls will follow the same model as individual examns, with an independent exam for each part of the subject. Each block will be independently evaluated and passed. | Eliminatorios de cada bloque 55% |
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Problem solving, classroom exercises | Questions and problems in the classroom, within the master sessions. | 5% | |
Laboratory practicals | Attendance to practices, notebook of practices and written practical exam. Exercises or problems proposed during the practice session. |
30% | |
Others | Resolution of tests and questions in the Virtual Classroom (Ágora) of the subject. | 5% | |
Other comments and second call | |||
After each part of the subject (Areas of Biochemistry, Cellular Biology or Genetics) a partial test will be carried out (they can be combined in a single session). In the event that the partial is considered approved, that part could be released and it will not be necessary to take it in the official call (if all three parts have been released, the weighted grade will be considered and it will not be necessary to take the Call test) . The option to appear at the official calls with the entire subject will be given in order to improve the grade. In this case, the person responsible for the course must be notified at least 5 working days in advance. In any case, the tests corresponding to the three Areas must be carried out, and the grade obtained in the call will be applied, discarding the grade obtained in the partial exams, even if it is higher. Partial tests may consist of a single theoretical part or theoretical and practical tests, separate or combined. In the second case, each part will be evaluated separately, and the partial will be considered passed if all are approved. In case of not passing any of the tests, it will be considered to appear at the official calls only with the parts not passed (theory or practice). The weighting of the partial qualification, or of the three parts in the official calls, will be: 40% Biochemistry, 40% Cellular, 20% Genetics. Both for partial and official calls, it will be essential to achieve a 5 in each part of the subject to consider it passed. This includes both the partial tests and official calls, individually, as well as the global qualification of each Area (combining practical and theoretical parts and other evaluation activities). A part will not be considered passed if the corresponding test (practical or theoretical) is not passed, regardless of whether the weighted grade for that part is 5 or higher. Likewise, it will be necessary to pass all three parts in order to consider the subject approved. However, the compensation of a part of the subject with a grade greater than or equal to 4 will be considered, provided that the other two are approved (5 or greater) and the weighted grade is 5 or greater. In the event that some parts are approved (grade of 5 or higher) but the subject is not approved (grade of other parts less than 5), the option will be given to consider that part as compensated for the following course (it would be considered as 5 , being able to consider applying the qualification obtained in case of good performance). That is, it will not be necessary to carry out the practical activities or take the assessment tests for that part. If you want to improve the grade of the part passed the previous year, the aforementioned will be applied to improve the grade of the subject in the official calls. All assessment tests will be governed by the "Learning Evaluation and Qualification Regulations of the University of León" (Approved by the Governing Council of the ULE on 03-12-2010) and by the document "Guidelines for action in the assumptions of plagiarism, copying or fraud in exams or evaluation tests” (Approved by the Permanent Commission of the Governing Council of the ULE, on 01/29/2015). According to said regulations, notes or textbooks cannot be used to carry out the exams, as well as the use of digital systems, from computers to mobile phones or other electronic devices. In short, the student will not be allowed to have, during the exam, any type of source of information that is not inherent to their own intellectual capacity. Also according to the aforementioned regulations, plagiarism in the different works of the subject is prohibited. If these rules are contravened, the student will be subject to the punitive actions described in the regulations, in accordance with the action guidelines published by the ULE. SECOND CALL It will only be mandatory to present the blocks not passed in the first call. If you want to improve the grade in any of the parts, you must examine the contents of the entire subject (the three blocks). The second grade will apply, even if it is lower. |
Sources of information |
Access to Recommended Bibliography in the Catalog ULE |
Basic | |
Biochemistry Solomon, E.P., Berg, L.R. y Martin, D.W. (2008) Biología. Ed. McGraw-Hill Interamericana, México (8ª edición). Campbell, N.A. y Reece, J.B. (2007) Biología. Ed. Médica-Panamericana, Madrid. (7ª edición). Feduchi, E., Romero, C., Yáñez, E., Blasco, I. y. García-Hoz, C. (2014) Bioquímica. Conceptos esenciales. Ed. Médica-Panamericana, Madrid (2ª edición). Cell Biology Alberts, B., Bray, D., Johnson, A., Lewis, J., Raff, M., Roberts, K. y Walter, P. (2011) Introducción a la Biología Celular. Ed. Panamericana (3ª edición). Guerra, F. J. D. (2004). Técnicas de microscopía óptica. Arbor, CLXXVII(698), 225–258. https://doi.org/10.3989/arbor.2004.i698.607 Karp G. (2011) Biología Celular y Molecular, Conceptos y Experimentos. Ed. McGraw-Hill Interamericana (6ª edición). Kühnel W. (2005) Atlas Color de Citología e Histología. Ed. Panamericana. Paniagua, R.; Nistal, M.; Sesma, P.; Álvarez Uría, M.; Fraile, B.; Anadón, R.; Sáez, F.J. Citologia e Histologia Vegetal y Animal; 4th ed.; McGraw-Hill Interamericana: Madrid, 2007; ISBN 978-84-481-5593-3. Genetics Griffiths A.J.F, Miller J.H., Suzuki D.T., Lewontin R.C., Gelbart W.M. (2008). Genética. Ed. McGraw Hill Interamericana. Pierce, B. A. (2009) Genética: Un enfoque conceptual. Editorial Panamericana (3ª edición). Ménsua, J.L. (2003) Genetica. Problemas y ejercicios resueltos. Ed. Pearson Prentice Hall, Madrid. |
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Complementary | |
Recommendations |
Other comments | |
The study should be based not only on the class notes, but also on the recommended bibliography. You can also find all the contents of the subject, instructions and this teaching guide on the web page of the subject. It is especially important to follow the content and activities of the Virtual Classroom (Ágora). The material worked in the classroom and laboratories will be available by this means, and evaluable activities will also appear. To face the subject successfully it is necessary to have general knowledge of Biology of Baccalaureate. In general, it is recommended to have completed a Baccalaureate of Sciences with subjects related to Biology and related (Anatomy, Chemistry, etc.). In case there is no previous basis, it is recommended to use the resources provided by the University and communicate it to the teaching staff to make the appropriate adaptations. |