Educational guide | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
IDENTIFYING DATA | 2023_24 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Subject | PRINCIPLES OF INSTRUMENTAL ANALYSIS | Code | 00208004 | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Study programme |
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Descriptors | Credit. | Type | Year | Period | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
6 | Compulsory | First | First |
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Language |
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Prerequisites | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Department | BIOLOGIA MOLECULAR |
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Coordinador |
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cbarm@unileon.es jmferc@unileon.es sgutm@unileon.es fmarp@unileon.es ppazc@unileon.es erodo@unileon.es achaa@unileon.es - |
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Lecturers |
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Web | http:// | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
General description | Description of the analytical methods commonly used for the study of tissues, cells and biomolecules | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Tribunales de Revisión |
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Competencias |
Code | |
A14019 | |
A14020 | |
A14023 | |
A14054 | |
A14055 | |
A14056 | |
A14058 | |
A14060 | |
A14061 | |
A14089 | |
A14090 | |
A14092 | |
A14093 | |
A14095 | |
A14096 | |
A14097 | |
A14100 | |
B3764 | |
B3765 | |
B3768 | |
B3775 | |
B3776 | |
B3782 | |
B3785 | |
B3799 | |
B3801 | |
B3803 | |
B3831 | |
B3832 | |
B3833 | |
B3834 | |
B3835 | |
B3836 | |
B3837 | |
B3838 | |
B3839 | |
B3841 | |
B3842 | |
B3847 | |
B3848 | |
B3849 | |
B3850 | |
B3851 | |
B3852 | |
B3853 | |
B3855 | |
B3856 | |
B3858 | |
B3859 | |
C1 | CMECES1 That students have demonstrated possession and understanding of knowledge in an area of study that is based on general secondary education, and is usually found at a level that, although supported by advanced textbooks, also includes some aspects that involve knowledge from the cutting edge of their field of study |
C2 | CMECES2 That students know how to apply their knowledge to their work or vocation in a professional manner and possess the skills that are usually demonstrated through the development and defense of arguments and the resolution of problems within their area of study. |
C5 | CMECES5 That students have developed those learning skills necessary to undertake further studies with a high degree of autonomy |
Learning aims |
Competences | |||
Working properly in a laboratory, including safety, handling and disposal of waste, name of material and annotated log of activities. | A14089 A14090 A14096 A14097 |
B3834 B3835 B3841 B3842 B3848 B3852 B3856 B3858 |
C1 C5 |
Knowledge of methodological concepts. | A14019 A14089 A14092 |
B3764 B3775 B3782 B3831 B3832 B3833 B3834 B3836 B3837 |
C1 C5 |
Work properly with microorganisms including safety, sterilization, handling and disposal of waste and annotated log of activities. | A14019 A14023 A14097 |
B3764 B3776 |
C1 C2 C5 |
Know how to interpret the information provided by microscopy, spectroscopy, fluorescence, chromatographic and centrifugation techniques. | A14019 A14023 A14054 A14055 A14060 A14096 A14097 |
B3764 B3768 B3785 B3799 B3834 B3835 B3839 B3847 B3850 B3852 |
C1 C5 |
Design biomolecule purification experiments. | A14019 A14020 A14023 A14056 |
B3801 B3847 B3848 B3850 B3852 B3855 B3856 B3859 |
C1 C2 C5 |
Apply the main techniques of preparation, staining, observation and obtaining of photomicrographs of biological samples. | A14019 A14020 A14023 A14058 A14090 A14097 |
B3764 B3765 B3768 B3803 B3855 |
C1 C2 C5 |
Being able to choose the most appropriate techniques for carrying out a specific morpho-functional study. | A14019 A14020 A14023 A14058 A14061 A14089 A14090 A14093 |
B3764 B3765 B3768 B3803 B3835 B3838 B3842 B3850 B3852 |
C1 C2 C5 |
Being able to obtain, work and preserve pure cultures of microorganisms. | A14019 A14020 A14023 A14089 A14090 A14096 A14097 |
B3776 B3855 |
C1 C2 C5 |
Analyze, synthesize and interpret the experimental results obtained. | A14019 A14020 A14023 A14054 A14060 A14089 A14090 A14092 A14093 A14095 A14096 A14100 |
B3764 B3765 B3768 B3841 B3850 B3852 |
C1 C2 C5 |
Have an interest in acquiring new knowledge and have the ability to learn. | A14023 A14089 A14090 A14092 A14093 |
B3834 B3835 B3836 B3837 B3855 B3858 B3859 |
C5 |
Development of critical attitudes based on knowledge. | A14023 A14092 A14093 |
B3768 B3837 B3838 B3849 B3850 B3851 |
C5 |
Develop skills to obtain and analyze information from different sources. | A14020 A14023 A14092 A14093 |
B3765 B3768 B3836 B3837 B3838 B3850 B3853 |
C2 C5 |
Contents |
Topic | Sub-topic |
Theoretical part | -IT as Science. Definition. Generalities and historical antecedents. Objectives and classification. -Electromagnetic radiation and its interactions with matter. Absorption and emission phenomena. Spectral. Electronic, vibrational and rotational transitions. -Fluorescence and phosphorescence phenomena. -Radiation Sources. Classification: Line fonts and continuous fonts. -Selection of required radiation: Filters and monochromators. -Spectroscopy. Spectrophotometers: Components, function of each part and types. -UV / Vis spectroscopy. -IR spectroscopy. -RMN. -Chromatography on paper, thin layer and column. -Centrifugation and ultracentrifugation. -Basic electrophoretic techniques. -Microorganism culture media. -Sterilization. -Optical microscopy techniques: obtaining and fixing samples, inclusion or freezing, cutting, routine staining. - Fundamentals of the optical microscope. Types of optical microscopes. -Fundamentals of the electron microscope. -Basics of routine electron microscopy techniques. -Basics of histochemical and immunochemical techniques. |
Practical part | -Visit to the laboratory and explanation "in situ" of the different devices. Work in the laboratory: Safety standards. Metrology -Determination of the molar extinction coefficient of p-nitrophenol. -Filtration gel chromatography (exclusion): Separation of blue dextran, cytochrome C and potassium dichromate. -Ion exchange chromatography: Preparation of the columns, and separation of cytochrome C using DEAE-cellulose as matrix. -Affinity chromatography: Preparation of the Cibacrom Blue column and separation of albumin. Assessment -Electrophoresis: Separation of proteins. -Electophoresis: Separation of DNAs of different sizes. -PCR -Preparation of fixatives and taking samples for routine techniques in Cell Biology. -Routine techniques in Cell Biology: Fixation, inclusion, obtaining and staining of histological sections. -Optical microscope practice. -Electron microscope practice. -Basic techniques for seeding microorganisms -Observation of microorganisms under the microscope. |
Planning |
Methodologies :: Tests | |||||||||
Class hours | Hours outside the classroom | Total hours | |||||||
Laboratory practicals | 36 | 55 | 91 | ||||||
Personal tuition | 3 | 0 | 3 | ||||||
Lecture | 20 | 35 | 55 | ||||||
Mixed tests | 1 | 0 | 1 | ||||||
(*)The information in the planning table is for guidance only and does not take into account the heterogeneity of the students. |
Methodologies |
Description | |
Laboratory practicals | In the practicals, instrumental techniques related to each of the blocks of the subject will be carried out. Attendance at practices will be mandatory, and failure to attend any of the sessions will mean failure to pass the corresponding part. The practices will be carried out in small groups, generally organized in alphabetical order. In case of not being able to attend one of the practices for a properly justified reason, but that can be done in a different group, there is the possibility of allowing the change of group for that practice. In this case, the teacher in charge of the corresponding practice must be previously notified, and the change of group with another student must be arranged. In case of not being able to make the exchange, the professor in charge must be notified, who will consider whether the change is possible. It will not be considered if it is a foreseeable event and if no attempt has been made to manage the exchange between practices. In case of not being able to attend any practice for a justified reason, a document that adequately accredits it must be presented. In any case, if there had been the possibility of having attended in another group, it will be considered as an unexcused absence. |
Personal tuition | The most relevant aspects of the subject will be discussed and any doubts raised by the students will be resolved. |
Lecture | To develop the theoretical credits, presential classes will be given with the support of audiovisual media, encouraging the participation of students. |
Personalized attention |
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Assessment |
Description | Qualification | ||
Lecture | The knowledge and understanding of the fundamentals of the different techniques will be valued, using a format of short and multiple choice questions, depending on the Area. Throughout the semester, there will be a partial of each of the parts of the subject (Biochemistry, Cell and Microbiology) that will allow releasing the corresponding part for the official calls. | 40% | |
Laboratory practicals | The experimental skills acquired will be valued, as well as the theoretical knowledge on which the practices are based. Attendance will also be valued, as well as the dedication of each of the students. Among the activities to be evaluated, the following are considered (for each of the Areas involved): Biochemistry: A summary notebook of the practical work carried out will be presented, in which the structure, quality, bibliographic sources used, originality, correct use of specific terminology, clarity and correction in writing, as well as the ability to express written will be presented. There will be an exam on the basis of the practices, or an equivalent activity. Cellular: A laboratory notebook will be made, where the ability to assess and record the activities carried out will be assessed. Microbiology: The skill and attitude in the practices for each of the techniques performed will be evaluated. |
40% |
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Others | Attendance and participation in the theoretical and practical classes will be valued. In the different blocks, various activities can be assessed, such as online tests, self-assessments or other face-to-face or online activities. | 20% | |
Other comments and second call | |||
After each part of the subject (Areas of Biochemistry, Cell Biology or Microbiology) there will be a partial test (they can be combined in a single session). In case the partial is considered approved, that part could be released and it will not be necessary to do it in the official call (if the three parts have been released, the weighted grade will be considered and it will not be necessary to take the Call test) . The option will be given to present to the official calls with the entire subject to choose to improve the grade. In this case, the person responsible for the course must be notified at least 5 business days in advance. In any case, the tests corresponding to the three Areas must be carried out, and the grade obtained in the call will be applied, discarding the one obtained in the partial, even if it was higher. The partial tests can consist of a single theoretical part or of theoretical and practical tests, separate or combined. In the second case, each part will be evaluated separately, and the partial passed will be considered if all are approved. In case of not passing any of the tests, it will be considered to present to the official calls only with the parts not passed (theory or practice). The weighting of the qualification by partial, or of the three parts in the official calls, will be: 50% Biochemistry, 30% Cellular, 20% Microbiology. For both partial and official calls, it will be essential to achieve a 5 in each part of the subject to consider it passed. This includes both the partial tests and official calls, individually, as well as the global qualification of each Area (combining practical, theoretical and other evaluation activities). A part will not be considered passed if the corresponding test (practical or theoretical) is not passed, regardless of whether the weighted grade for that part is 5 or higher. Likewise, it will be necessary to pass the three parts to be able to consider the approved subject. In the event that some parts are passed (grade of 5 or higher) but the course is not passed (grade of other parts or weighted grade less than 5), the option will be given to keep the grade for that part for the following course. That is, it will not be necessary to carry out the practical activities or take the assessment tests for that part. If you want to improve the grade of the part approved the previous year, the aforementioned will be applied to improve the grade of the subject in the official calls. All the assessment tests will be governed by the "Regulations for the Evaluation and Qualification of Learning of the University of León" (Approved by the Governing Council of the ULE on 03-12-2010) and by the document "Guidelines for action in cases of plagiarism, copying or fraud in exams or assessment tests ”(Approved by the Permanent Commission of the Governing Council of the ULE, on 01/29/2015). According to said regulations, notes or textbooks may not be used to carry out the exams, as well as the use of digital systems, from computers to mobile phones or other electronic devices, is prohibited. In summary, the student will not be allowed to have, during the exam, any type of information source other than that inherent to her own intellectual capacity. Also according to the aforementioned regulations, plagiarism in the different works of the subject is prohibited. If these norms are violated, the student will be subject to the punitive actions described in the regulations, in accordance with the action guidelines published by the ULE. SECOND CALL It will only be mandatory to appear for the blocks not passed in the first call. If you want to improve the grade in any of the parts, you must examine the contents of the entire subject (the three blocks). The second grade will be applied, even if it is lower. |
Sources of information |
Access to Recommended Bibliography in the Catalog ULE |
Basic | |
Bibliography Biochemistry D. A. Skoog, D. J. Holler y S.R. Crouch: "Principios de Análisis Instrumental”. Ed. Cengage, 2018. ISBN: 9786075266558. Cell Biology Paniagua, R.; Nistal, M.; Sesma, P.; Álvarez Uría, M.; Fraile, B.; Anadón, R.; Sáez, F.J. Citologia e Histologia Vegetal y Animal; 4th ed.; McGraw-Hill Interamericana: Madrid, 2007; ISBN 978-84-481-5593-3. Microbiology González et al (2019). Microbiología Esencial. ISBN 9788498357868. Editorial Panamericana. |
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Complementary | |
Resources on the Internet: Many universities and research centers have web pages dedicated to this type of instrumental techniques. |
Recommendations |
Subjects that are recommended to be taken simultaneously | |||
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Other comments | |
The study should be based not only on the class notes, but on the recommended bibliography. In addition, you can find all the contents of the subject, instructions and this teaching guide on the subject's website. To face the subject successfully it is necessary to have general knowledge of High School Biology. In general, it is recommended to have completed a Bachelor of Science with subjects related to Biology and the like (Anatomy, Chemistry, etc.). |